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Chalcedone, a mineral from the quartz group.
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Chalcedone. The term chalcedony is understood as a whole group of quartz: agate, chrysoprase, heliotrope, flint, jasper, carnelian, onyx, sard and only a bluish-white-gray variety, i.e. proper chalcedony.
Chalcedone takes its name from the ancient city of Chalcedon, nowadays Kalkidoy, near today's Istanbul, where its deposits were discovered.
Chalcedone was well known to ancient peoples. He was especially highly regarded in Egypt, Greece and Asia. To this day, it is eagerly used in jewelry and ornamentation.
Chalcedone is made of silicate-rich solutions and forms the lining of voids, veins and other openings at various scales. It is found in petrified wood and other fossils. Horn and flint contaminated forms of chalcedony can be formed by the deposition of silicate-rich sediments on the seabed or by replacing rocks, in particular limestones, with silicon compounds by a percolation process.
Transparent gray, bluish or yellow varieties of chalcedony are very common.
Each o different color varieties have individual names. Carnelian is red to reddish brown, sard is light brown to brown, chrysoprase is light green, and heliotrope, sometimes called yarrow, is green with red spots. Jasper is most often red, but sometimes also yellow, brown, green and gray-blue. Moss agate is milky white, bluish-white or nearly colorless with green, brown or black dendrites in growth.
Occurrences: Chalcedony is found all over the world. Its main deposits are located in the following countries: Brazil, Uruguay, Sri Lanka, Russia, Germany, Syria, India, Madagascar and Great Britain. In Poland, it occurs in Lower Silesia, in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains and the Carpathians.
Chalcedony in astrology: Western astrology links chalcedony with the zodiac sign of: Aries, Cancer (white chalcedony), Scorpio, Sagittarius, and with the month of June.
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